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7/13/2026
CVE-2026-42271: How a Popular AI Gateway Became an RCE Vector — And What to Audit in Your Stack

CVE-2026-42271: How a Popular AI Gateway Became an RCE Vector — And What to Audit in Your Stack

Short summary

CVE-2026-42271 is a command-injection flaw in LiteLLM, a widely deployed open-source AI gateway, allowing authenticated RCE via MCP-server preview endpoints. CISA added it to the KEV catalog after active exploitation was confirmed, and it chains with a Starlette host-header bypass for unauthenticated access. The author provides a concrete audit checklist covering version upgrades, endpoint exposure, authentication boundaries, process privileges, and MCP server inventory.

  • LiteLLM CVE-2026-42271 enables RCE via MCP preview endpoints; CISA confirmed active exploitation
  • Chains with Starlette host-header bypass (CVE-2026-48710) for unauthenticated access
  • Concrete checklist: upgrade to ≥1.83.7, disable unused MCP endpoints, run as non-root, inventory all MCP servers

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