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arXiv cs.LG
arXiv cs.LG
7/21/2026
LLM Unlearning for Cyber Defense: A Survey on Methods, Challenges, and Emerging Threats

LLM Unlearning for Cyber Defense: A Survey on Methods, Challenges, and Emerging Threats

Short summary

This survey examines LLM unlearning as a cyber defense strategy, addressing how deployed models retain sensitive data, copyrighted material, and hazardous knowledge across billions of parameters. It focuses on gradient-based methods that dominate the field due to their scalability and compatibility with existing training pipelines. A central unresolved question is whether current methods truly remove knowledge or merely suppress its expression under normal prompting.

  • Surveys LLM unlearning methods through a cybersecurity and privacy lens
  • Focuses on gradient-based approaches compatible with existing training pipelines
  • Highlights the open question of whether unlearning truly removes vs. merely suppresses knowledge

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