Towards Data Science
7/3/2026

The original title is 10 words: "The Untaught Lessons of RAG Retrieval: Cosine Is Not the Foundation"
Original: The Untaught Lessons of RAG Retrieval: Cosine Is Not the Foundation
Short summary
This article challenges the conventional reliance on cosine similarity for document retrieval in RAG systems, presenting six alternative approaches to retrieval architecture for enterprise use cases. It suggests mainstream RAG implementations may be built on a suboptimal foundation.
- •Cosine similarity is the default choice for RAG retrieval but may not be optimal
- •Six alternative retrieval architecture approaches are presented
- •Targeted at enterprise document intelligence systems
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